UGI ENDOSCOPY

Upper Gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy, also known as esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), is a diagnostic procedure used to visualize the upper part of the digestive tract. Here’s a detailed overview:

What is UGI Endoscopy?

UGI endoscopy involves the use of a flexible tube called an endoscope, which has a light and a camera at its tip. This tube is inserted through the mouth and advanced down the throat into the esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine (duodenum). The procedure allows doctors to see and examine these areas on a monitor in real-time.

Purpose of UGI Endoscopy

UGI endoscopy is used to:

  • Diagnose Symptoms: Investigate symptoms such as persistent heartburn, difficulty swallowing, upper abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or unexplained weight loss.
  • Detect Abnormalities: Identify conditions such as ulcers, inflammation, tumors, or infections.
  • Evaluate Diseases: Assess and monitor conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcers, and celiac disease.
  • Perform Biopsies: Take tissue samples (biopsies) for further analysis if abnormal areas are found.
  • Treat Certain Conditions: Perform therapeutic procedures, such as removing polyps, dilating strictures (narrowed areas), or stopping bleeding from ulcers.

Preparation for the Procedure

  • Fasting: You’ll typically need to fast for 6-8 hours before the procedure to ensure your stomach is empty.
  • Medications: Inform your doctor about all medications you’re taking. Some may need to be adjusted or paused.
  • Allergies: Notify your doctor of any allergies, especially to medications or anesthetics.

The Procedure

  1. Sedation: You’ll be given a sedative to help you relax and minimize discomfort. This can be administered intravenously (IV).
  2. Endoscope Insertion: A local anesthetic spray may numb your throat. The endoscope is then gently inserted through your mouth and guided down your throat.
  3. Examination: The endoscope transmits images to a monitor, allowing the doctor to examine the lining of your esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
  4. Biopsy or Treatment (if necessary): If needed, the doctor can take biopsies or perform minor procedures using special tools passed through the endoscope.

Post-Procedure Care

  • Recovery: After the procedure, you may feel some mild discomfort, such as a sore throat or bloating. Sedation effects may linger, so you’ll need someone to drive you home.
  • Diet: You may be advised to start with clear liquids and gradually return to a normal diet as tolerated.
  • Follow-Up: Your doctor will discuss the results of the procedure with you and any further steps or treatments if required.

Risks and Complications

UGI endoscopy is generally safe, but like any medical procedure, it carries some risks, including:

  • Reaction to Sedation: Adverse reactions to sedatives or anesthesia.
  • Bleeding: Minor bleeding from biopsy sites or treatment areas.
  • Perforation: Rarely, a tear in the gastrointestinal tract.
  • Infection: Although uncommon, infections can occur.